一、路线

主要路线图：青灯山舍（俯拍三垟湿地处，摄影组需停留较长时间）-石竹村-龙脊-度山林场-天池-大象岩-光岙-盘云谷、天河水库（约4个小时左右）

整个过程分别需在青灯山舍、石竹村、光岙、盘云谷下车观赏

Main road: Qingdeng Cottage (overhead Sanyang wetland, Photographers need to stay for a long time)→Shizhu village→Dragon’s back→Dushan forest farm→Heavenly Pond→Elephant Rock→Guang’ao→Panyungu cultural and creative village （about 4 hours）  

The whole process needs to get off at several scenic spots,they are:Qingdeng Cottage, Shizhu village,Guangao, Radar Station, and Panyungu cultural and creative village.

全程主要景点有：青灯山舍、龙脊、大罗山国家登山健身步道、天池、大象岩、五指岩、美人头、雷达站最高观景台、大罗山盘云谷文化创意村、天河水库、百家尖、田螺山

The main spots are Qingdeng Cottage, Dragon’s back,  Daluo Mountain National Fitness Trail, Heavenly Pond, Elephant Rock, Fingers Rock, Beauty Rock, Radar Station, Panyungu cultural and creative village, Heavenly River Reservoir, the Hill Tips, and Vivipara Mountain.

二、大罗山简介

    风景如画的大罗山位于温州市的东南部，距离温州市中心约20km。大罗山毗邻温州大学城，被认为是温州的“绿心”和“绿楔”。我们将会沿着园区管理者建造的小道拾级而上。在沿途，你可以看到瀑布和水库，不同的岩层，古老的村庄和果园，还有一些佛教寺庙。

The picturesque Daluo Mountain is located in the southeastern part of Wenzhou about 20km from its city center. With the Wenzhou University Town nearby, Daluo is regarded as the green zone and backyard garden of the city.We will hike up the slopes of hills, following a trail constructed by park rangers. You will see waterfalls and pools, different rock formation, old villages and orchards, and Buddhist temples along the way. The Fall foliage should be at its peak in late October.

    大罗山位于现温州市区的东南部，最高海拔707米。大罗山由四景一水网构成，它们分别是：仙岩景区、瑶溪景区、天柱寺景区、茶山景区和三垟水网。这里山清水秀，植被丰富，层林叠翠，风景如画，岩石造型独特，风光自然天成，至今仍保持着比较原始的自然风貌。根据温州市总体规划，大罗山将是温州市未来的“绿心”和“绿楔”，温州市区将环大罗山发展。

    大罗山，风景迷人自然不用多说，这里的每个景区都有着自己的与众不同特色和魅力，是自然景观与人文景观的完美结合。大罗山有其他大山所无法拥有的神奇之处：奇石、秀水、清池、寺庙、峡谷、天梯、长渠、双塔、幽洞、尖峰、飞瀑、花木等等。

    Da Luo Mountain is located in the southeast of Wenzhou, with the highest elevation of 707 meters. It consists of Xian Yan , Yao Xi , Tian Zhu , Chashan  and San Yang , all 5 scenic areas. Da Luo Mountain has picturesque scenery, rich vegetation, storied pinnacle, oddly-shaped rocks and fantastic scenery, and it still maintains the original natural landscape. According to the overall planning of Wenzhou City, Da Luo Mountain will be the"green lung" and "green wedge" in future and it will be the center of the development of the Wenzhou.

There is needless to talk about the fantastic scenery of Da Luo Mountain. Here each scenic spot has its own unique characteristics and charm, which is the perfect combination of natural landscape and human landscape. Da Luo Mountain has the magic which other Mountains can’t have,such as all kinds of rocks,waters,ponds,temples,canyons,ladders,long canals,double towers,secluded caves, peaks, waterfalls, flowers and so on.   

    大罗山（茶山景区）  

　  茶山风景区占据大罗山西北，隔三垟水网与温州主城区相望，是大罗山区距离温州主城最近的风景区，也是目前大罗山内部开发强度最大的一个景区，包括五美园、卧龙、山重楼、香山、花果山五个亚景区。其中五美园、香山寺等景点初具规模，结合秋季的杨梅节、柑橘节，每年吸引来自温州以及外地游客数十万人。

    茶山景区是大罗山内花岗岩地貌景观最为典型与集中的地区，岩石造型奇特，洞府景观幽深、奥妙，卧龙溪峡谷、瀑布景观壮美、险峻。并且，茶山西麓温州高教园区的建设也将为此景区带来更稳定的客源。

    Chashan tourist attraction is located in the northwest of Daluo Mountain and it is separated by San Yang scenic area. It is the nearest tourist attraction to Wenzhou urban area. At present, Chashan tourist attraction has been developed into the largest tourist attraction in Daluo Mountain, which consists of 5 sub-tourist attractions: Wu Mei Garden, Wo Long, Shan Chong Building, Xiang Mountain, Hua Guo Mountain. In Chashan tourist attraction, Wu Mei Garden, Xiangshan Temple and some other sceneries are especially renowned in Wen Zhou. Chashan tourist attraction attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors from Wenzhou and around China, especially during Waxberry Festival and Orange Festival in autumn.  

    In Da Luo Mountain, Cha Shan tourist attraction is the most typical and the most densely distributed area of Granite landscape. The shape of the rock is unique and strange. The landscape of the cave is deep and tranquil. The sight of the fall is spectacular and beautiful. Besides, the construction of Wenzhou advanced education park in the west of Cha Shan provides the attraction with more steady tourist source.      

三、全程主要景点

(1)青灯山舍景区附近(Qingdeng Cottage House” scenery)  

①青灯山舍：从心安禅寺路口进入，我们就来到了京山村民宿：青灯山舍，澄心静地，一个让人能静下心来的地方。拥有着原汁原味建筑风格的青灯山舍越来越受到艺术家、名人、或向往远离城市喧嚣希望回归自然的人的青睐。

    老房子原主人在1958年左右建造了老房子，后因在80年代搬下山生活或出国，导致整个村庄和老房子慢慢地破败。青灯山舍的创始人张金成先生及其个人团队不忍见证乡村文化的消失，他们私人投资并通过“以旧修旧”的形式改造建成了青灯山舍民宿。整个民宿分上、中、下三个区域。张先生历时两年时间改建了5个院落：分别为上区的四个院落，中区一个，每个院落至少有两至三个客房。而下区目前主要用于老百姓生活居住。改建材料来源于各地拆迁的旧房子，购买并标记其自身的木头和石块将之运到山上，二次利用来修复这些破旧的古房子，使之成为如今我们眼前的民宿。并且，整个装修过程都强调环保，做无漆处理以及防虫处理。一眼望去，整个房子看不到电线，看起来非常整洁、古朴。

    青灯山舍每年都会举行各种各样的活动，如古琴演奏会、全国寺院交流会、杨梅节等。山舍定位小群体，主题客源是会员单位，可网络预订。整个名宿控制入住率，以保持环境清幽。我们希望10年、甚至20年以后，这种布局、风格样貌能仍然延续，也希望借此吸引一批有影响力的人物回归乡村，用他们之力改造乡村。青灯山舍的兴起，也让我们看到了温州较之一些大城市的另一种优势，希望有更多的人能加入保护乡村、保持乡村风味的行动中来。

    此外，站在青灯山舍入口停车场处，可以俯瞰大学城、三垟湿地、和市区(从左到右)。

    青灯山舍也因此吸引了许多摄影爱好者，尤其是在台风前后或傍晚，可以清晰的俯瞰温州城和三垟湿地。

    Qingdeng Cottage: Having passing through the Xin’an temple, we come to the traditional buildings of Jingshan village which are also called the Qingdeng Cottage. It’s a place that can make you feel at peace. It’s a place with the facade of traditional Chinese architecture that captives the attention of artists, celebrities and those who are long to stay away from the noisy city life and come close to the nature.

    The original house was built in 1958 and became dilapidated after its owner moved out in 1980s. Zhang Jincheng, the founder of the Qingdeng Cottage, and his colleagues couldn’t bear to see the disappearing of the culture of the village, so they invested their personal deposits to the rebuild of the Qingdeng Cottage, based on its original structure.

    In Daluo Mountain, there are three districts of homestays. In order to keep the environment cleaner and better for tourists to live, homestays in the upper district don’t provide catering service. Homestays in the low district are mainly designed for civilians to live. Every homestay has a courtyard. Every home has two or three guest rooms. The materials come from the old demolished houses. The numbered wood or stones from the old houses were carried to the mountain and were used in order to restore the old houses in Daluo Mountain. In addition, the decorative materials are also environmentally friendly. The walls or windows are not painted. And rebuilders try their best to keep the house neat, rustic and natural. For example, electric wires are hidden so we can not see electric wires in the whole homestay. Mr. Zhang spent 2 years rebuilding 5 homestays, four in the upper district and one in the central district.

    Qingdeng Cottage held various activities every year, such as guqin concert, temple exchange meetings, Waxberry Festival. Hill homes targeting small groups, most of the tourists are member units, online booking is available. In order to maintain a quiet environment, the homestay controls its occupancy rate. We hope this layout style and beautiful scenery can be continued in 10 years or even 20 years later, in the meantime we also hope to attract a number of influential people returning to the countryside for rural transformation.

    With the rise of Wenzhou Qingdeng Cottage, we can see another advantage of Wenzhou than some of the big cities. And we are hoping that more people can join in the activities to protect the countryside and keep the country's flavor. 

    Moreover, when standing on the parking lot of Qingdeng Cottage, you will overlook the University Town, Three Sanyang Wetland and urban area from left side to right side

    Qingdeng Cottage has also attracted many photography enthusiasts, especially in the evening or before and after the typhoon. The whole city and Three Sanyang Wetland can be seen clearly in there.

②三垟湿地—城市绿肾，三垟湿地

(The "Kidney of the City"—Sanyang Wetland)  

    三垟湿地公园是温州市区唯一一块完整的大型湿地。公园里小岛千姿百态，小巧古朴，鹭翔凫戏，环境幽静。湿地东南被茶山环绕，峰峦叠嶂，河道纵横贯通，顺着河道，一路上可见橘园农舍，小桥庙台，白鹭古榕等水乡风光。

    The "Kidney of the City"—Sanyang Wetland

    Sanyang Wetland Park is the only park with a complete wetland in Wenzhou. The islets in the park take hundreds of thousands of shapes, with ancient style bridges, flapping herons and flying teals, and quiet environment. The wetland is surrounded by Chashan Mountain by the south and the east, with peaks after peaks, rivers intertwining. Along the river, one can find sceneries like orange orchard, farmhouses, bridges, shrines, white herons and ancient banyans.

Sanyang Wetland is located in Sanyang street Ouhai District, east of Longwan Development Zone. It has a total area of 13 square kilometers. Wetland rivers intertwined, like a spider web, formed more than 160 sizes and shapes of the “small island”.

(2)大罗山国家登山健身步道：大罗山登山健身步道是在山地上修建、以健身为目的步道，分步道、安全、环境保护等3大系统。上山不需要上肢辅助，台阶路、硬面路、陡坡等对登山者身体伤害降到最低点。沿途注重原生态保护，设置防火防污染指示牌等。目前，温州大罗山成为全国第4个获得国家级登山健身步道称号的城市。

    Daluo Mountain National Fitness Trail: Daluo Mountain Fitness Trail was built in the mountains , for the purpose of fitness trail. It divided into trail , safety, environmental protection 3 systems. You even don't need the auxiliary of your upper limb. We reduced the level road, hard road, steep slope on the climber body injuries to a minimum. Along the way to pay attention to the original ecological protection, set the fire prevention and pollution indication board, etc.. At present, Wenzhou Daluo Mountain has become our country's Fourth National Trails.

(3)龙脊 (Dragon’s Back)  

 ①龙脊的历史：位于罗胜石竹自然村的大岗之巅。上亿年前的火山喷发，破火山内，地块相继穹起，又遭漫长地质构造运动。造成海进海退的侵蚀，风化侵蚀作用，形成现今的地质景观。龙脊岩由十几米高的块状巨岩自然排列而生成，头尾相接，形似青龙在山岗上游动，故又名青龙游。2011年12月，建成1.2千米长的通景木栈道。在大岗顶上建有观景台。

    The history of Dragon’s Back:It's on the top of a large hill in Shizhu Village,Luosheng. After a volcano erupting millions of years ago, the plots inside the erupted volcano doomed in succession and then suffered long-term tectonic movements plus ebb and flow of tides, weathering and arrangement of huge end-to-end rock blocks being more than ten meters tall, like a dragon swimming on the hill, so it’s also known as Dragon Swimming. In December 2011, a 1.2 km-long boardwalk was built. Also there was a viewing platform built on the large hill top.

②龙脊的传说

（详细版本）龙脊是大罗山一个十分壮观的景点，鬼斧神工，上天之作。它因其形状犹如巨龙的龙脊骨，故称之龙脊。龙脊由23块形状相似的岩石组成，其长约40米，宽约5米，最高约8米，属于花岗岩地貌，典型的火山岩构造，其形成距今1.2亿年左右。有关大罗山龙脊还有一个美丽的传说：相传很久以前，一为庆贺得道，二为广传佛法，观世音菩萨选择六月十九在补怛洛伽山开道场讲经说法，可是观世音掐指一算，得出六月十九恰逢台风来袭，便去海找龙王帮忙，海龙王既恐有违天命，又亦顾及观世音菩萨的面子，承诺唯大罗山一处可保风不吹，雨不下，于是观世音菩萨就择其为讲经说法的法场，龙王三太子得知观世音菩萨讲经说法一事，就要求前往听经学道，获得观世音菩萨应许，观世音菩萨讲经说法当天，大罗山祥云和霭，泉流萦映，树林翡郁，香草柔软，观世音菩萨结伽跌坐，众路仙徒恭敬围绕，聆听观世音菩萨讲经说法，观世音菩萨法力无边，听授者皆得道升天，留下躯体在大罗山成为奇岩仙石，龙王三太子随同众仙成道升天后，其躯体就成为现在的巨岩——龙脊岩，龙脊岩藏在大山深处，原本很难让人见到，若能粘到龙脊仙气，便可保佑家中平安，万事顺心。沧海桑田，千百年来，这条巨龙就这样静静地盘旋在天地之间，亘古不变，这就是大罗山神奇的龙脊。

（简约版本）龙脊位于大罗山景区的中心是大罗山一个十分壮观的景点，鬼斧神工，上天之作，由23块形状相似的岩石组成，其长约40米，宽约5米，最高约8米，因其形状犹如巨龙的龙脊骨，故称为龙脊，龙脊属于花岗岩地貌，典型的火山岩构造，其形成距今约1.2亿年左右，龙脊是大罗山景点的精华之一。传说龙王三太子听授菩萨讲经升天躯体留在山中成为仙石。因龙脊岩深藏在山湾中，很难让人寻找，只有有心人才能发现。据传，游人如能看到龙脊都能得到仙气，保佑家中平安，万事如意。沧海桑田，千百年来，这条巨龙就这样静静地盘旋在天地之间，亘古不变，这就是大罗山神奇的龙脊。

    Dragon’s back

    Dragon’s back is a spectacular scenic spot of the Daluo Mountain, which is a freak of nature. The long white rock, lying on the mountain, looks like the backbone of a dragon. It is made up of several similar rocks. It is about 40 meters long, 5meters wide. Its highest height reaches about 8 meters. It belongs to Granite landforms (花岗岩地貌), the typical volcanic structure. It was formed about 120 million years ago. A legend still spreads abroad among the villagers. It was said that the body of third prince of the Dragon King turned into a magic stone after he died. The magic stone was hidden deep in the mountain so that only a determined person could see it. If a tourist saw Longji, he would be lucky in everything. After thousands of years, this huge dragon still lies quietly in the green surroundings, attracting more and more tourists.

(4)天池(Heavenly Pond/Pheasant Pit Reservoir)  

    大罗山上水库众多，碧波荡漾，映照青山。青山有了绿水相伴，显得更为清幽。天池又叫山鸡坑水库，它位于光岙村东面，是大罗山海拔最高的水库，海拔6百多米。坝高15米建于1959年，集雨面积为0.4平方千米，蓄水量516立方米。从水坝从西攀登石瀑岗山顶，举目远眺，心旷神怡。此处有绝佳拍摄处，水库如镜面倒映远处青山。金鸡坑水库集农田灌溉、生活用水、发电调峰多种功能于一身，水质清澈，碧波涟漪，风化奇异的花岗岩石衬托，使人感到水在石上流，人在画中游。

There are many reservoirs on the Daluo mountain, rippling, reflecting the green hills. Green hills for it is accompanied by blue waters, is more quiet and beautiful. Heavenly Pond is also called Pheasant Pit Reservoir, located in the east of  Guangyao village, which is the highest altitude reservoir in the mountain(about 600 meters above the sea level). Dam is 15-meters-high, which was built 1959, and its rainwater collecting area is o.4 square kilometers as well as its pondage is 516 cubic meters. From the top of the mountain, you can survey the whole pond, which makes people be free of mind and happy of heart. Where we stand is the best place to take photos, which can be seen reflected hills from the mirror pond. Pheasant Pit Reservoir can be used as field irrigation, life water, generation. Its clear and rippling water as well as strange stone make water flowing on the stone and people traveling in the picture.

(5) 大象岩(The Elephant Rock)

大罗山的石头造型千奇百怪，或像蘑菇、或像青蛙、或像老鹰，每个石头都仿佛有生命，有感情，更有故事。大象岩70多米高、雌雄蛤蟆岩50多米高。

    The stone formations of Daluo Mountain is various, such as the mushroom, the  frog or the eagle. Every rock seems to be alive, emotional, have many stories. The  Elephant Rock is about 70 meters high while the Toad Rock is about 50 meters.  

(6)大罗山最高点雷达站观景台(Radar Station)

哨子墩雷达站观景台是一个亭子，建有天罗奇秀观景台。站在大罗山至高点(707米)，左边可远眺洞头列岛，右可以俯瞰龙湾工业区。沿途会经过“美人头”，可以看到茶山全貌，视野开阔。

Shao Zi Dun Radar Station Viewing Deck is a pavilion which is the Highest Point of Da Luo Mountain. Standing on the Viewing Deck, we can see a chain of Dong Tou Islands at our left side and the Long Wan Industrial Park at our right side. Along our way to Shao Zi Dun, we won't miss the the spot of Beauty Head which can enjoy the full view of Cha Shan Town.

(7) 大罗山盘云谷文化创意村——浙南地区最具文艺气息的村落

（Panyungu cultural and creative village on the Daluo mountain）  

盘云谷文化创意村就坐落于大罗山之巅，盘垟村，是以大罗山自然风光为基础，文化艺术为亮点，建筑保护为核心并集文化创意、时尚休闲、旅游度假为一体的综合性开发项目。通过改造盘垟村内的古老废旧的石头屋，并将它打造成一个具有温州特色的文化艺术休闲天地。石屋将在保留原有建筑风貌的基础上加以修复，其内部装潢也将由不同的设计师进行重新打造，使得每一幢石头屋都能改头换面，形成独具特色的个体建筑，可以是民间收藏馆，或是自由创意工作室，或是岩居、蛋居等山间客栈，或是仿古主题酒店等，建成之后的创意村将作为休闲项目向游客开放。

这里就像一个古时候与世隔绝的秘境，在这座由石屋群组成的石头村中，别致石居、梵音空谷，村中的十五余幢石头山墅通过重新设计改造成为民宿。其中，“水和居”民宿为盘云谷文化村中第一幢改造完成的石屋。另外,目前已完成改造的民宿还有“遇见”、“石尚居”、“梧桐墅”、“蝶坊”、“恋坊”等。

Panyungu cultural and creative village on the Daluo mountain

The village is located on the top of Daluo mountain, Panyang village, which is based on natural scenery and taken cultural art as a bright spot. It develops cultural creation, fashional recreation and tourist vacation. It is built as cultural, artistic and recreational spot with Wenzhou’s character. The stone house was repaired without destroying the original architectural style. Its internal decoration was carried out by different designers to create, making every stone house changed in order to form the  unique individual building. It can be a private collection, or free creative studio, or mountain inns like living in the rock or egg, or the ancient theme hotel. After completion, it will be open to the tourists as a leisure activity.

Coming here you will find yourself out of this world just like it’s name “Misty  valley”. In this valley, more than 15 stone houses are redesigned into unique stone cottages. “shui he ju” was the first stone villa to be designed and reconstructed. Besides, there are many other cottages now finished reconstruction. They got the name“yujian”—encounter, “shi shang ju”—which is stone structure,” Wutong  su”—has plane trees in it’s courtyard, “die fang”—butterfly decoration, “lian  fang”—with Italy Tuscany Wine cellar inside, “qing shui yi fang”—water and flowers in harmony etc.

(8) 天河水库（Heavenly River Reservoir）  

    天河水库，位于温州市区东南部大罗山的腹地。这里水质清澈，碧波涟漪，还有天然风化奇异的花岗岩石景观，天河水库是大罗山最大最美的水库，可以看到天河水库分为天河东水库、天河西水库。每到节假日及周末，游人如织，是人们户外游玩垂钓的绝佳去处。

    Heavenly River Reservoir is located in southeast of Da Luo Mountain. The water here is very clear and the natural weathering made the amazing the granite rock view. Heavenly River Reservoir is the biggest, highest and also most beautiful one in Da Luo Mountain which can be divided into three parts, they are Eastern and Western Heavenly River Reservoir. Each holiday and weekend, people will go fishing and have fun here.

(9) 百岗尖(The Hill Tips)  

又名百家尖。海拔560米，风光旖旎，恍若人间仙境。位于天河水库旁，是花岗岩裸露的山尖，被称为大罗山山脉地质地貌博物馆，是研究大罗山地理变迁的最好场所。相传明初倭患侵扰，山下众村民逃到此山尖避难，偶尔有人一数，避难者正好有百户人家，戏称“百家尖”，此名因此得以相传。现今这独峰险要之地仍依稀留有山寨、寨门的遗迹。从台阶上至最高处平台，还有奇石簇拥。游目骋怀，周围景象一览无余。

    It’s also known as hundreds of tips. It’s about 560 meters high. The scenery is so beautiful that it’s like a fairyland. Located by Tianhe reservoir, the bare granite mountain is regarded as the geology museum, which is the best place to study the geographical change. It’s said that from Ming dynasty the villagers came to the hill to escaping the invading. Occasionally, someone counted the number and it’s about one hundred. So it’s called hundreds of tips. Even in today, there are many strongholds and the remains of the village gate in this unique and dangerous place. Coming to the top od the platform by steps, there are many surrounded stones. The mind can be relaxed and every scenery can not be escaped from your eyes.

(10) 田螺山(Vivipara Mountain )  

大罗山上的田螺山，原名塞垟山。因山脊之上有一人多高的独石，活像一只田螺，故大家习惯上称此山为田螺山。站在田螺山上，远眺是连绵的大罗山，下面是秀垟水库，四周则是嶙峋的奇石。

Tianluo Mountain is located in DaLuo Mountain whose origin name is SaiYang Mountain. Because there was a stone which was measured about the height of a man and it looks like vivipara. Consequently, people like to call it vivipara mountain. Standing on the vivipara mountain, you can see the Daluo Mountain without stop. Beneath the vivipara mountain, it is XiuYang reservoir. There are many strange stone.   

(11)其余沿途景点(other scenic spots along the way)  

①五指岩：像五根手指头

②大罗山山之北有泉，水库的水来自大罗山的泉水，清澈见底。

③大罗山有许多溪流，溪流流经的地方往往形成峡谷。峡谷怪石嶙峋，本无路可走。最近几年大罗山户外群里渐渐兴起爬峡谷的热潮。户外爱好者在岩石面上手脚并用，腾挪跳跃。不过，为了安全，建议还是戴好安全头盔，防滑手套。

1.   Fingers rock: the rock just like the five fingers

2.  The north side of the Daluo mountain have spring, the water of the reservoir mainly comes from the mountain spring, the water is quite clear to see the bottom.

3.  There are many streams in the Daluo mountain, year after year the place that streams pass by developed into valleys. Jagged rocks of the valley made it hard to walk through. But these years, there is a surge of hiking in the valley by many outdoor  groups. Outdoor enthusiasts cross the valley by their hands and feet even jump on the  rock surface. However, it is recommended to wear a safety helmet and non-slip gloves  for safety purpose,

四、 摄影词汇

1. photo, photograph   照片，像片    

2. snapshot, snap   快照 

3. photographer, cameraman   摄影师    

4. backlighting   逆光 

5. backlighting photography   逆光照    

6. luminosity   亮度    

7. to load   装胶卷    

8. focus   焦点 

9. to focus, focusing   调焦    

10. focal length   焦距  

11. Autofocus自动对焦 

12. depth of field, depth of focus   景深    

13. zoom lens   变焦头，可变焦距的镜头  

14. telephoto lens   远摄镜头，长焦镜头  

15. automatic exposure   自动曝光  

16. to frame   取景  透明片    

17. microfilm   微型胶卷 

18. reproduction   复制    

19. photogenic   易上镜头的    

20. exposure   曝光    

21. overexposure   曝光过度    

22. underexposure   曝光不足    

23. time of exposure   曝光时间    

24. projector   放映机   

25. lens   镜头    

26. aperture   光圈 

27. wide-angle lens   广角镜头    

28. diaphragm   光圈    

29. eyepiece   目镜    

30. filter   滤光镜    

31. shutter   快门 

32. shutter release   快门线    

33. viewfinder   取景器 

34. flash, flashlight   闪光灯    

35. guide number   闪光指数  

36. spool   片轴    

37. film   胶片，胶卷    

28. plate   感光片    

29.  spotlight, floodlight   聚光灯  

30. negative   负片    

31. positive   正片    

32. foreground   近景    

33. Colse-up特写 

34. High-key shot高调摄影    

35. Low-key lighting低调采光    

36. daylight自然光  

37. location work外景作业